Gynaecology
Pro vita Specialist Hospital provides assessment and treatment for women with gynaecological problems. There are both out-patient clinics and in-patient services.
General Gynaecological in-patient services include pre-operatiive, post-operative and medical management on admission.
Any woman or girl within the reproductive age who experiences any of the under listed problems could see her gynaecologist for further investigation.
• A girl of up to 14years without breast development and pubic hair
• A girl up to 16 years without her first menses
• Severe lower abdominal pain during menses
• Missing your regular menstrual period for a month
• Lower abdominal pains in early pregnancy
• Excessive vomiting during early pregnancy
• Itching vulva or vagina
• Abnormal vagina discharge
• Thick whitish vagina discharge
• Foul smelling vagina discharge
• Profuse vagina bleeding during menses
• Scanty vagina bleeding during menses
• Menstrual bleeding less than 2 days
• Menstrual bleeding more than 8days
• Menstrual bleeding occurring at interval less than 21 days
• Menstrual bleeding occurring at interval greater than 35 days
• Any abnormal vagina bleeding
• Vagina bleeding during or after sexual intercourse
• Vagina bleeding during early pregnancy
• Vagina bleeding in a woman who has attain her menopause
• Pain in the vagina during or after sexual intercourse
• Lower abdominal distension
• Gynaecological problems/conditions.
• Menstrual disorders including, Amenorrhea, menorrhagia, Dysmenorrhoea.
• Early pregnancy problems, such as miscarriage, bleeding ectopic pregnancies.hyperemesis gravidarum, infections in early pregnancy
• Pelvic pain: this could be acute or chronic pelvic pain.
• Pelvic masses, ovarian cyst, ovarian tumours, fibroid uterus and adenomyosis/ Endometriosis.
• Pelvic organ prolapse e.g. uterine prolapse, vagina prolapse,
• Pelvic infections; including pelvic inflammatory diseases/batholin abscess tubo ovarian abscess
• Abnormal vagina bleeding e.g. postcoital bleeding(bleeding from vagina during sexual intercourse),dysfunctional uterine bleeding,
• Abnormal vaginal discharge ,could be due to infections (Fungal, bacteria, viral) or tumours
• Gynaecological tumours eg vulva tumours, vagina tumours, cervical tumours, uterine tumours and ovarian tumours
Gynaecological service offered by pro vita Specialist Hospital includes:
General Gynaecological consultations and infertility evaluation from (Monday to Saturday).
Pelvic ultra sound (trans vaginal and trans-abdominal)
Retrieval of ovarian cyst under ultra sound guide(i.e per vaginam)
Culdocentesis under ultra sound guided
Examination under Anesthesia for pelvic organs assessment.
Diagnostic laparoscopy (every Tuesday and Thursday )
Hysterosalpingogram (usually outside the hospital but upon request)
Dilatation and curettage/manual vacuum Aspiration as well as diagnostic dilatation and curretage for miscarriages, and endometrial assessment.
Papaniculous smear a screening method for cervical cancer
Breast examination
Definition of medical terms:
Dysmenorrhea: this refers to a gynaecological medical condition characterized by severe uterine pains during menstruation.
Dysmenorrhoea can be classified into primary Dysmenorrhoea and secondary Dysmenorrhoea
Amenorrhea: this refers to the absence of menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age.
Physiological states of amenorrhea are seen during pregnancy and lactation (breast feeding)
Amenorrhea can be classified as primary Amenorrhea or secondary Amenorrhea.
Primary Amenorrhea refers to the absence of secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development or pubic hair by age 14 with no first menstrual period. (Menache) or normal secondary sexual characteristics with no first menstruation by 16years of age).
Secondary Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menses for three months in a woman with previously normal menstruation or nine month for women with a history of oligo menorrhea(menstrual periods occurring at intervals of greater than 35 days)
Definitions of terms:
Menorrhagia is an abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual period with excessive menstrual bleeding lasting longer than 7days or blood loss exceeding 80ml | day.
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) this refers to abnormal genital tract bleeding based in the uterus and found in the absence of demonstrable structural or organic pathology.
Pelvic pain; pelvic pain mostly occurs in the lower abdominal area. The pain might be constant or intermittent. Pelvic pain is a sign, that there is a problem with one of the organs in the pelvic area such as, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, or vagina. It could also be a symptom of infection or a problem with the urinary tract, lower intestines, rectum, muscle or bone.
Pelvic pain can be classified as acute or chronic
Acute pelvic pain; this refers to a pain in the pelvis that starts over a short period of time any where from a few minutes to a few days.
Chronic pelvic pain; It is the pain that last more than six months and affects a woman quality of life.Notable gynaecological causes of chronic pelvic pain are; endometriosis, pelvic adhesion, tension in the pelvic floor muscles, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic congestion syndrome, ovarian remnant, uterine fibroid.
Endometriosis; it is a condition in which the lining of the uterus (endometrum) grows outside the uterus. The lining can attach to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, intestines or other structures in the pelvis.
Adenomyosis; this occurs when tissue from the lining of the uterus grows in the muscle of the uterus.
Pelvic Adhesions; Adhesions are bands of scar tissue that bind organs together. They are created by previous infection or by previous pelvic or abdominal surgery or by endometriosis. A definitive diagnosis of adhesions is usually made during surgical exploration.
Tension in the pelvic floor muscle; spasm or tension of the pelvic floor muscles can lead to recurring pelvic pain.
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease this can occur ifa long term infection often sexually transmitted, causes scarring involving your pelvic organs.
Pelvic congestion syndrome; This condition may be caused by enlarged varicose like veins around your uterus (womb) and ovaries.
Ovarian remnant; during a complete hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus or ovaries and fallopian tubes (salpingo-oophorectomy) a small piece of ovary may be left inside which can later develop into tiny painful cyst.
Uterine fibroid; these are non cancerous uterine growths which may cause pressure or feeling of heaviness in your lower abdomen. They rarely cause sharp pain unless they become deprived of nutrients and begin to die or degenerate.
Miscarriage or spontaneous abortion is the spontaneous end of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or fetus is incapable of surviving, generally defined in humans at prior to 24 weeks of gestation. Miscarriage is the most common complication of early pregnancy.